What is AD/ADRD?
Understanding AD/ADRD is an important first step in making a difference, whether you're living with these conditions, caring for someone who is, or interested in supporting research. Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) affect memory, thinking, and behavior. While Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia in older adults, there are several other types:
- Alzheimer's Disease: Gradually affects memory and thinking skills, eventually impacting daily activities. Changes in the brain, including protein buildup called amyloid plaques and tau tangles, can begin years before symptoms appear.
- Lewy Body Dementia: Affects movement and thinking, often causing visual hallucinations and sleep problems.
- Frontotemporal Dementia: Primarily impacts behavior, personality, and language skills, typically starting at a younger age than other types.
- Vascular Dementia: Results from conditions that block or reduce blood flow to the brain, affecting thinking skills.
Living with AD/ADRD
More than 6 million Americans live with Alzheimer’s disease. While most people develop symptoms after the age of 65, younger-onset cases can occur much earlier. Understanding AD/ADRD is important, as it helps individuals and families prepare and access the care and resources they need.
Key Facts
Scientists have identified several key risk factors that may contribute to the development of AD/ADRD. These include age, family history, genetic influences, and lifestyle factors such as cardiovascular health. Memory problems are often among the first noticeable signs, though symptoms can vary widely from person to person.
Warning Signs
Some of the most common early warning signs include memory loss that disrupts daily life, difficulty planning or solving problems, trouble completing familiar tasks, and confusion with time or place. Changes in language, mood, or personality may also occur.
Early Detection
Early detection makes it possible to receive proper medical care, plan for the future, and connect with support services. It also creates opportunities to participate in research studies that are expanding our understanding of AD/ADRD.
Research continues to advance our understanding and treatment options, with new therapies emerging that target the underlying causes of AD/ADRD. Recognizing the disease early not only supports better care and planning but also offers hope for more effective treatments in the years ahead.
Taking Action
While we can't prevent all forms of dementia, research suggests several ways to promote brain health:
- Control high blood pressure
- Stay physically active
- Maintain social connections
- Keep your mind engaged
- Get adequate sleep
- Eat a healthy diet
How You Can Help Advance Research
Participate in Research
Both people with and without memory problems are needed for studies.
Share Your Story
Help reduce stigma by talking about your experiences.
Support Your Local ADRC
Connect with researchers working to find better treatments. Learn more about the ADRC program and find a center near you.
Ready to Take Action?
Choose your path to making a difference:
Resources for Learning More
Want to explore a specific topic further? You can visit our Research Resources section for more detailed information about AD/ADRD research and findings, or visit our partners at the Alzheimer's Association and the National Institute on Aging (NIA).